Opal

Colour is very very important in Opals. The more colour, the better and more valuable the stone is. Reds, pink, yellow and orange are harder to find, and therefore are more expensive. Green, blue and violet are much more common.

Opal is a very soft stone, and it is quite easy to scratch. It is cut and polished in a rounded shape, not faceted like a diamond. It is mined in a number of countries with Australia producing most of the best of both black and white opals. People dig up the opals in certain places in the Australian desert, where it is so hot and dry, that they actually make houses dug under the ground, where they are scratching the earth to find opal.

The different patterns in an opal have names, like Harlequin, Pinfire, Flash, Flame, Flagstone, Ribbon, Peacock, Rolling Flash and many, many others. No one pattern is more expensive than another. It's the amount of colour and its intensity that makes one opal better than another.