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^8 ^8 ^8 PMI
What is it?
PMI, Plus/Minus/Interesting, is a lateral and creative thinking strategy used in de Bono's CoRT Thinking program.
What is its purpose?
PMI helps students learn to:
see both sides of an argument
view things from a different point of view
think broadly about an issue
suspend judgement
make informed decisions
work as individuals, in pairs or as members of a group
How can I do it?
This strategy can be used within a range of classroom activities such as analysing texts or examining issues. Students are provided with a format for recording:
Plus Minus Interesting
Individually, in pairs or small groups, they apply three question s to a statement /task provided by the teacher:
What are the positive ideas about this?
What are the negative ideas about this?
What is interesting about this?
Within a specified time limit, students brainstorm their responses, having appointed a recorder and a reporter. At the end of the designated time, students report back on their most original/creative ideas from each of the categories.
It is useful to model the activity first, using a statement such as:
In the future, everyone will carry around personal mobile phones like wristwatches or a recently shared text or experience as the topic.
How can I adapt it?
In Developing Thinking Skills Using Children's Literature, Ann and Johnny Baker use the example of the text Terrible Tuesday as it uses PMI as a structural feature. The ideas presented are defined in terms of negative, positive and interesting elements. Teachers could have students apply a PMI process as they read the text to promote understanding and analysis.
How can it be used to evaluate students' language learning?
There is a range of possible assessment outcomes in using PMI including:
Understands and interprets the task
Uses strategies to assist or facilitate brain storming
Contributes to discussion
Comprehends and explains opinions and information
Evaluates range of viewpoints and can distinguish from own
Applies process of PMI to a range of situations
Where can I find out more?
Cort Thinking Progam Guide, (1994), Edward de Bono, Hawker Brownlow. Z N DSET 2 H ^9 @ t ` 6 * DSET 2 H x ^; : : 6 * DSET 2 H ӡ ӡ^9 ` 6 * DSUM HDNI STYL r J STYL^9^9 ^9^9 ^9$^9^9^9^9 w
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